367 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
367 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
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.---------------------------------------------------------------------.
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| The Original UNIX Text Editor |
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| Ed Cheat Sheet |
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'---------------------------------------------------------------v1.14-'
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| Created by Peter Krumins (peter@catonmat.net, @pkrumins on twitter) |
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| www.catonmat.net -- good coders code, great coders reuse |
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'---------------------------------------------------------------------'
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====================== Line Addressing Summary ======================
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.----------------.----------------------------------------------------.
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| Address Symbol | Description |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| . | The current line (address) in the buffer. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| $ | The last line in the buffer. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| n | The nth, line in the buffer where n is a number |
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| | in the range [0,$]. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| $ | The last line in the buffer. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| - | The previous line. This is equivalent to -1 and |
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| ^ | may be repeated with cumulative effect. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| -n | The nth previous line, where n is a non-negative |
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| ^n | number. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| + | The next line. This is equivalent to +1 and may |
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| | be repeated with cumulative effect. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| +n | The nth next line, where n is a non-negative |
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| whitespace n | number. |
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| | Whitespace followed by a number n is interpreted |
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| | as +n. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| , | The first through last lines in the buffer. |
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| % | This is equivalent to the address range 1,$. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| ; | The current through last lines in the buffer. |
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| | This is equivalent to the address range .,$. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| /re/ | The next line containing the regular |
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| | expression re. |
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| | The search wraps to the beginning of the buffer |
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| | and continues down to the current line, if |
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| | necessary. |
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| | // repeats the last search. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| ?re? | The previous line containing the regular |
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| | expression re. |
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| | The search wraps to the end of the buffer and |
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| | continues up to the current line, if necessary. |
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| | ?? repeats the last search. |
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'----------------+----------------------------------------------------'
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| 'lc | The line previously marked by a `k' (mark) |
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| | command, where lc is a lower case letter. |
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'----------------'----------------------------------------------------'
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Each address in a comma-delimited range is interpreted relative
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to the current address.
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In a semicolon-delimited range, the 1st address is used to set
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the current address, and the 2nd address is interpreted
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relative to the first.
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========================== Command Summary ==========================
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.-------------------------.-------------------------------------------.
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| Command | Description |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.)a | Appends text to the buffer after the |
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| | addressed line, which may be theaddress |
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| | 0 (zero). Text is entered in input mode. |
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| | The current address is set to last line |
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| | entered. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)c | Changes lines in the buffer. The |
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| | addressed lines are deleted from the |
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| | buffer, and text is appended in their |
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| | place. |
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| | Text is entered in input mode. The |
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| | current address is set to last line |
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| | entered. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)d | Deletes the addressed lines from the |
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| | buffer. If there is a line after the |
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| | deleted range, then the current address |
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| | is set to this line. Otherwise the |
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| | current address is set to the line before |
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| | the deleted range. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| e file | Edits file, and sets the default |
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| | filename. If file is not specified, then |
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| | the default filename is used. Any lines |
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| | in the buffer are deleted before the new |
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| | file is read. The current address is set |
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| | to the last line read. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| e !command | Edits the standard output of `!command', |
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| | (see !command below). The default |
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| | filename is unchanged. Any lines in the |
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| | buffer are deleted before the output of |
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| | command is read. The current address is |
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| | set to the last line read. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| E file | Edits file unconditionally. This is |
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| | similar to the e command, except that |
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| | unwritten changes are discarded without |
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| | warning. The current address is set to |
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| | the last line read. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| f file | Sets the default filename to file. If |
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| | file is not specified, then the default |
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| | unescaped filename is printed. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)g/re/command-list | Applies command-list to each of the |
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| | addressed lines matching a regular |
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| | expression re. The current address is set |
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| | to the line currently matched before |
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| | command-list is executed. At the end of |
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| | the `g' command, the current address is |
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| | set to the last line affected by |
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| | command-list. |
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| | |
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| | Each command in command-list must be on a |
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| | separate line, and every line except for |
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| | the last must be terminated by a |
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| | backslash (\). Any commands are allowed, |
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| | except for `g', `G', `v', and `V'. |
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| | A newline alone in command-list is |
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| | equivalent to a `p' command. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)G/re/ | Interactively edits the addressed lines |
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| | matching a regular expression re. For |
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| | each matching line, the line is printed, |
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| | the current address is set, and the user |
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| | is prompted to enter a command-list. |
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| | At the end of the `G' command, the |
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| | current address is set to the last line |
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| | affected by (the last) command-list. |
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| | |
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| | The format of command-list is the same as |
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| | that of the `g' command. A newline alone |
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| | acts as a null command list. A single `&' |
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| | repeats the last non-null command list. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| H | Toggles the printing of error |
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| | explanations. By default, explanations |
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| | are not printed. It is recommended that |
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| | ed scripts begin with this command to aid |
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| | in debugging. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| h | Prints an explanation of the last error. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.)i | Inserts text in the buffer before the |
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| | current line. Text is entered in input |
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| | mode. The current address is set to the |
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| | last line entered. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.+1)j | Joins the addressed lines. The addressed |
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| | lines are deleted from the buffer and |
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| | replaced by a single line containing |
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| | their joined text. The current address is |
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| | set to the resultant line. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.)klc | Marks a line with a lower case letter lc. |
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| | The line can then be addressed as 'lc |
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| | (i.e., a single quote followed by lc) in |
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| | subsequent commands. The mark is not |
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| | cleared until the line is deleted or |
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| | otherwise modified. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)l | Prints the addressed lines unambiguously. |
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| | If invoked from a terminal, ed pauses at |
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| | the end of each page until a newline is |
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| | entered. The current address is set to |
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| | the last line printed. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)m(.) | Moves lines in the buffer. The addressed |
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| | lines are moved to after the right-hand |
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| | destination address, which may be the |
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| | address 0 (zero). The current address is |
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| | set to the last line moved. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)n | Prints the addressed lines along with |
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| | their line nums. The curr. addr is set to |
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| | the last line printed |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)p | Prints the addressed lines. If invoked |
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| | from a terminal, ed pauses at the end of |
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| | each page until a newline is entered. |
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| | The current address is set to the last |
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| | line printed. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| P | Toggles the command prompt on and off. |
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| | Unless a prompt was specified by with |
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| | command-line option -p string, the |
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| | command prompt is by default turned off. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| q | Quits ed. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| Q | Quits ed unconditionally. This is similar |
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| | to the q command, except that unwritten |
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| | changes are discarded without warning. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| ($)r file | Reads file to after the addressed line. |
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| | If file is not specified, then the |
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| | default filename is used. If there was no |
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| | default filename prior to the command, |
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| | then the default filename is set to file. |
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| | Otherwise, the default filename is |
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| | unchanged. The current address is set to |
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| | the last line read. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| ($)r !command | Reads to after the addressed line the |
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| | standard output of `!command', |
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| | (see the !command below). The default |
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| | filename is unchanged. The current |
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| | address is set to the last line read. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)s/re/replacement/ | Replaces text in the addressed lines |
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| (.,.)s/re/replacement/g | matching a regular expression re with |
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| (.,.)s/re/replacement/n | replacement. By default, only the first |
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| | match in each line is replaced. |
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| | If the `g' (global) suffix is given, then |
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| | every match to be replaced. |
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| | The `n' suffix, where n is a positive |
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| | number, causes only the n-th match to be |
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| | replaced. It is an error if no |
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| | substitutions are performed on any |
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| | of the addressed lines. The current |
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| | address is set the last line affected. |
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| | |
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| | re and replacement may be delimited by |
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| | any character other than space and |
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| | newline (see the `s' command below). |
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| | If one or two of the last delimiters is |
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| | omitted, then the last line affected is |
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| | printed as though the print suffix `p' |
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| | were specified. |
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| | |
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| | An unescaped `&' in replacement is |
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| | replaced by the currently matched text. |
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| | The character sequence `\m', where m is a |
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| | number in the range [1,9], is replaced by |
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| | the m-th backreference expression of the |
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| | matched text. If replacement consists of |
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| | a single `%', then replacement from the |
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| | last substitution is used. Newlines may |
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| | be embedded in replacement if they are |
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| | escaped with a backslash (\). |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)s | Repeats the last substitution. This form |
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| | of the `s' command accepts a count suffix |
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| | `n', or any combination of the characters |
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| | `r', `g', and `p'. |
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| | If a count suffix `n' is given, then only |
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| | the n-th match is replaced. |
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| | The `r' suffix causes the regular |
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| | expression of the last search to be used |
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| | instead of that of the last substitution. |
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| | The `g' suffix toggles the global suffix |
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| | of the last substitution. |
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| | The `p' suffix toggles the print suffix |
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| | of the last substitution. The current |
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| | address is set to the last line affected. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)t(.) | Copies (i.e., transfers) the addressed |
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| | lines to after the right-hand destination |
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| | address, which may be the address |
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| | 0 (zero). The current address is set to |
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| | the last line copied. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| u | Undoes the last command and restores the |
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| | current address to what it was before the |
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| | command. The global commands `g', `G', |
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| | `v', and `V' are treated as a single |
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| | command by undo. `u' is its own inverse. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)v/re/command-list | Applies command-list to each of the |
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| | addressed lines not matching a regular |
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| | expression re. This is similar to the |
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| | `g' command. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)V/re/ | Interactively edits the addressed lines |
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| | not matching a regular expression re. |
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| | This is similar to the `G' command. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)w file | Writes the addressed lines to file. Any |
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| | previous contents of file is lost without |
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| | warning. If there is no default filename, |
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| | then the default filename is set to file, |
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| | otherwise it is unchanged. If no filename |
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| | is specified, then the default filename |
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| | is used. The current address is unchanged.|
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)wq file | Writes the addressed lines to file, and |
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| | then executes a `q' command. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)w !command | Writes the addressed lines to the |
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| | standard input of `!command', (see the |
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| | !command below). |
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| | The defaultfilename and current address |
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| | are unchanged. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (1,$)W file | Appends the addressed lines to the end of |
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| | file. This is similar to the `w' command, |
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| | expect that the previous contents of file |
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|
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| | is not clobbered. The current address is |
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| | unchanged. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.)x | Copies (puts) the contents of the cut |
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| | buffer to after the addressed line. |
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|
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| | The current address is set to the last |
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| | line copied. |
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'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
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| (.,.)y | Copies (yanks) the addressed lines to the |
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| | cut buffer. The cut buffer is overwritten |
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|||
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|
| | by subsequent `y', `s', `j', `d', or `c' |
|
|||
|
|
| | commands. The current address is |
|
|||
|
|
| | unchanged. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
| (.+1)zn | Scrolls n lines at a time starting at |
|
|||
|
|
| | addressed line. If n is not specified, |
|
|||
|
|
| | then the current window size is used. |
|
|||
|
|
| | The current address is set to the last |
|
|||
|
|
| | line printed. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
| !command | Executes command via sh(1). If the first |
|
|||
|
|
| | character of command is `!', then it is |
|
|||
|
|
| | replaced by text of the previous |
|
|||
|
|
| | `!command'. ed does not process command |
|
|||
|
|
| | for backslash (\) escapes. However, an |
|
|||
|
|
| | unescaped `%' is replaced by the default |
|
|||
|
|
| | filename. When the shell returns from |
|
|||
|
|
| | execution, a `!' is printed to the |
|
|||
|
|
| | standard output. The current line is |
|
|||
|
|
| | unchanged. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
| (.,.)# | Begins a comment; the rest of the line, |
|
|||
|
|
| | up to a newline, is ignored. If a line |
|
|||
|
|
| | address followed by a semicolon is given, |
|
|||
|
|
| | then the current address is set to that |
|
|||
|
|
| | address. Otherwise, the current address |
|
|||
|
|
| | is unchanged. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
| ($)= | Prints the line number of the addressed |
|
|||
|
|
| | line. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------+-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
| (.+1)newline | Prints the addressed line, and sets the |
|
|||
|
|
| | current address to that line. |
|
|||
|
|
'-------------------------'-------------------------------------------'
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
=====================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.---------------------------------------------------------------------.
|
|||
|
|
| Created by Peter Krumins (peter@catonmat.net, @pkrumins on twitter) |
|
|||
|
|
| www.catonmat.net -- good coders code, great coders reuse |
|
|||
|
|
'---------------------------------------------------------------------'
|